Student Handout Number 3
Writing on Sectional and Class Divisions, 1760-1775 in The Growth
of the American Republic Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele
Commager said:
Fully as important was the question of who should rule in the
colonies. Some colonies, such as North Carolina, were relatively
democratic; and others, like New York, fully aristocratic in their
social structure. In some, such as Massachusetts and New
Hampshire, the franchise was fairly broad; in others, such as
South Carolina, it was very narrowly restricted. But no one of the
13 was really democratic in political or social structures, much
less dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Class distinctions had been brought from England by the
colonists, and since maintained; and class distinctions, in the 17th
and 18th centuries, implied political privilege.
In all the colonies in 1760, the franchise was limited by property
qualifications, which were much higher for office-holding; and
the newly settled regions were under-represented in colonial
legislatures, and in many other ways treated unfairly by colonial
politicians and men of wealth. There was nothing new in this, but
the majority were beginning to resent it, and the political
controversy with the mother country enabled them to make this
resentment felt. An internal quarrel, partly class and partly
sectional, cut athwart the larger contest between colonies and
mother country. There were really two American revolutions at
the same time: the sectional revolt of 13 colonies against imperial
centralization; and a class upheaval against vested interests and
local governing classes.